Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive and sexual health problems of female patients with bipolar disorder. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and a questionnaire, which was prepared by the researchers based on the literature and designed to determine the reproductive and sexual health issues among the participants. Results: It was determined that the bipolar disorder group had no previous knowledge about menarche and did not menstruate regularly. Compared to the healthy controls, they also experienced more premenstrual problems, masturbated more, had more sexual partners and had more sexually transmitted diseases. Unplanned pregnancy and abortion rates reported more in bipolar group. Moreover, bipolar disorder group reported not to have mammograms and gynecological examinations as required. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that female patients with bipolar disorder had more reproductive and sexual health related problems than those healthy controls. Its effects may continue beyond the acute episodes during remission, too. Although there is no significant difference between the sexes in terms of the prevalence rates for BD, it can be said that the course of the disorder is more problematic in women. BD requires the lifelong use of protective medications; it starts in an early period of life and is of a recurrent nature. However, long-term drug use entails high risks especially for female patients 1,2. BD sufferers may be more prone to certain psychiatric disorders that lead to changes in their hormone status during their reproductive period. Furthermore, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period the use of protective medications is frequently interrupted, which constitutes a risk for the recurrence of the disorder. Women with BD refrain from becoming pregnant and may postpone their pregnancy as a result of the protective treatment they use, or their pregnancy may be terminated due to the teratogenic effect of the medications used during that period. Moreover, menstrual disorders frequently accompanying drug use may affect their fertility Cases that show a parallelism between the mood cycle and the menstrual cycle are mentioned in the literature 3,4. There are also indications that the reproductive and sexual health of women with BD may be poor. Among women with BD the rate of unplanned pregnancy is high 5as is the rate of sexually transmitted diseases STDs 5,6. Morevover, the use of contraceptives is low Ps Experience Escort Girls and menstrual problems are more common in this population 9, The number of studies on this subject in the Turkish literature is quite insufficient; hence, we aimed to increase the existing knowledge. Our study was planned in order to reveal reproductive and sexual health problems of women with BD by comparing them with healthy women. While clinicians Ps Experience Escort Girls on the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, other problems such Ps Experience Escort Girls physical diseases, reproductive and sexual health problems are often neglected. This study emphasizes the necessity of considering physical and mental health together. The research questions are as follows: What reproductive and sexual health problems do women with BD suffer from? Is there a difference in the reproductive and sexual health outcomes between women with BD and the control group? The average number of BD patients hospitalized in the last year was Nine participants Ps Experience Escort Girls to participate in the study; 8 participants were excluded because they were unable to complete the forms; 3 participants did not know the Turkish language; the response rate was The control group consisted of women who presented to a primary care health institution. The average number of outpatients in the last year at this primary care health institution was 10, As the researcher who collected the data of the control group NEB was working outside the institution, only participants were reached. Thirty-five participants refused to participate in the study; 9 participants were excluded because they could not complete the forms; the response rate was The data collection form consisted of five parts. Each of the questions in the questionnaire was answered in multiple-choice format. The Information Form was validated through expert opinions. The Expert Board consisted of a psychiatric nurse, a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and an academic member of staff. A pilot study was conducted with 9 women with BD and 9 healthy women who did not participate in the study. The questionnaires were finalized according to expert opinions and the results of the pilot practice. Procedure The prospective participants of each group were provided with verbal and written details regarding the study, including the choice to remove themselves from the study at any time. Written informed consent was obtained from the eventual participants. Each interview was conducted face to face and took approximately minutes. Ethical Considerations Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics board of the hospital where the study was conducted, and each participant was asked to submit a written informed consent form No: In the evaluation of the study data, in addition to descriptive statistical methods mean, standard deviation, and frequencychi-squared test was used to compare the qualitative data. The mean age of the participants in the study group and the control group was similar: the average age of the study group was
Like the involvement of other organ systems, pathology in the lung primarily results from tissue damage due to iron overload. J Clin Nurs ; The mean hemoglobin before transfusion was 8. In this context, our finding that the study group has more sexual partners compared to the control group, experiences more STDs, and uses family planning methods less conforms to the literature. It is reported that patients in the manic episode have more sexual partners and sex with strangers without the use of condoms than healthy controls as a result of libido increase, cognitive impairment, and alcohol or substance use
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Here you find the biggest escort guide with escorts Ankara and other escorts like Laura providing escort services • Female escort Laura (29). I like offering a high level of GIRLFRIEND. I'm sexy girl,- I am a SUPER ELITE VIP escort for the most selective gentlemen in the world.! Camila will provide you best escort service on the highest level. Camila the hottest escort girl in Istanbul Turkey. Hi my gentlemen,. Sex ✓BDSM ✓Golden&Brown Shower ✓Domination ✓3Somes & Groupsex ✓Submissive ✓Couples ✓Top And Bottom ✓Body Massage ✓Girlfriend Experience ✓Prostate.Email gamecentral metro. Furthermore, while the study group obtained information on family planning more from their friends and neighbors, the control group received information from healthcare staff Table 3. Studies on the reproductive and sexual health of psychiatric patients were conducted with individuals suffering from a variety serious psychiatric disorders. Reproductive health in women with serious mental illnesses. Unforgettable Real GFE!!! Erkekler için müsait. North Clin Istanb. During the test, the patient was accompanied by competent health personnel. In this case, studies that address the risks specific to the disease are of particular importance. Find articles by Mehtap Ertekin. Each of the questions in the questionnaire was answered in multiple-choice format. Metro Shorts. If you are interested ask about it. Get 50x more visitors! The basic pathophysiology of the disease depends on 1 severe anemia, 2 ineffective erythropoiesis and its consequences, and 3 iron accumulation in tissues due to chronic transfusion. Conflict of Interest: None declared. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that female patients with bipolar disorder had more reproductive and sexual health related problems than those healthy controls. The data collection form consisted of five parts. An increase in vital capacity and expiratory reserve volume is expected in TM patients after splenectomy [ 12 ]. In the systematic review by Volavka 30 examining violence experienced by bipolar and schizophrenia patients, it is clearly seen that these patients are exposed to more violence than the general population. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat ; PlayStation 5 Sony. No difference in menopausal age was determined between the study group and the control group t: My reputation is of a high sexual energy, naughtiness godneass and being wildly passionate with a natural ability to genuinely connect with people in order for us to freely explore an exciting world of intimacy and pleasure for unforgettable moments. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and bipolar disorder in offspring. Women with BD are at a high risk of unwanted pregnancies as a result of exhibiting sexually risky behaviors that are related to mania, not using any contraception, or using ineffective methods 7. Add to an existing collection. For more stories like this, check our Gaming page. Bize Ulaşın. The finding that unsafe sex and the use of ineffective family planning actually contribute to more unwanted pregnancies in the study group than in the control group is another striking point in our study. Three patients were excluded from the study when the test results were examined because the test compliance was insufficient.
